Glossary

Ectropion - A condition where the eyelid turns outwards; this causes the lid to lie away from the eyeball, exposing the corneal surface. This is often caused by ageing and can result in grittiness, burning eyes, and erosion of corneal and conjunctival epithelium.

Enhancement - An additional refractive surgery procedure that may be required by an individual to refine their vision to its personal best.

Entropion - A condition where the eyelid turns inwards, causing the eyelashes to rub against the eyeball. This is normally hereditary or congenital, and results in scarring of the eyeball and eyelid.

Epithelium - The layer of cells that covers the outside of the eye.

ERM: Epiretinal Membrane - Also known as a Macular Pucker is a cellophane-like membrane which forms over the macula; area at the back of the eye responsible for central vision. This creates blurring, distortion, double vision, and sometimes swelling. It is most common in individuals over 75 years of age and those with retinal problems. Treatment for a Macular Pucker is either a membrane peel or a vitrectomy; removal of the vitreous from the eye.

Excimer Laser - Ultraviolet, cool beam laser used in refractive surgery to remove excess corneal tissue and give optical correction. It is controlled by a computer to make precise, safe, programmed movements over the eyes surface. An excimer laser typically uses an inert gas, such as argon, krypton or xenon, and a reactive gas, such as fluorine or chlorine. Rather than cutting or burning tissue, this laser exerts enough energy to disrupt the molecular bonds and disintegrate tissue in a highly controlled manner through ablation; removal of excess tissue through vaporising at a low heat.